Down syndrome symptoms
This is a list of common Down syndrome symptoms. It’s going to scare the pants off you. Please keep in mind as you are going through this list that--
- There are many, many Down syndrome symptoms.
- Most children with Down syndrome exhibit only a few symptoms on this list!
- Because of the nature of Down syndrome, some kids have one thing and some have another.

This is my daughter, Madison, enjoying her cake. As you can see, she is a normal 2 year old who likes sweets. She is so much more than a list of symptoms!
You do need to be aware of what's in store for your child, however. You need to be prepared to deal with things that come up.
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DS Symptoms
Congenital Heart Defects
- Atrioventricular Canal Defect (AV canal)
- Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
- Atrial Septal Defect (ASD)
- Resulting in Pulmonary Hypertension
Congenital Gastrointestinal Defects
Atlantoaxial Instability
Hypotonia
(low muscle tone)
Palmer Crease
Nasal congestion
Respiratory Problems-RSV, colds
Respiratory Infections-bronchitis, pneumonia
Gastroesophageal Reflux
Hearing Problems
Hearing Loss
Mental Retardation
Gum Disease
Teeth Problems
Leukemia
Weight Problems-Obesity
Seizures
Sleep Apnea
Vision Problems
- Crossed eyes
- Astigmatism
- Nearsightedness
- Farsightedness
- Cataracts
- Blocked Tear Ducts
Orthopedic Problems
- Metatarsus Varus (toes point inward)
- Pes Planus (flat feet)
- Patellar Instability (kneecap is unstable, loose)
Alzheimer’s Disease
Thyroid Disease
Physical Features
Broader nose, flattened nasal bridge
Upward slanting eyes, small folds of skin at inner corners
Small mouth, shallow roof of mouth (makes the tongue look
larger when actually it's typical size)
Teeth- late eruption, misshapen, missing, out of place
Small ears with the tops folded over, small ear passages
Smaller than normal head (not usually noticeable unless measured)
Back of the head flattened
Soft spots on head bigger-take longer to close
Hands smaller, fingers shorter
Feet smaller
“Sandal Gap” between big toe and rest of toes
Hair that is soft and thin
Sensitive skin, can be mottled and fair
Shape of chest-can be funnel shaped or pigeon breasted
Most kids have only a few Down syndrome symptoms!
And symptoms will vary from child to child. My daughter has:
- congenital heart defect (repaired)
- mild to moderate low muscle tone
- sandal gap
- one ear is "primitive" (doctor's words)
- sensitive skin, mottled at times (but she is fair-skinned anyway)
- upward-slanting eyes
- flattened bridge of nose and face (this makes her look like a doll. Adorable!)
- some teeth are slightly pointed
- slightly developmentally delayed
Other kids will have their own set of Down syndrome symptoms. The important thing is not to panic, but to address these symptoms in a systematic way. Most all can be dealt with.
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